This study provides a comprehensive examination of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) in Somalia, exploring its historical evolution, socio-cultural and religious underpinnings, prevalence, types, and severe health consequences for women and girls. Drawing on existing research, it analyzes how cultural norms, contested religious interpretations, and intergenerational transmission sustain the practice, while also examining the perspectives of key stakeholders, demographic patterns, and the legal and policy framework addressing FGM. The study highlights persistent challenges to enforcement, including cultural resistance and limited resources, and places strong emphasis on pathways to abandonment, such as shifting attitudes among younger generations, the influence of diaspora communities, experiences of families who have abandoned FGM, and community-led interventions. By documenting successful strategies and emerging change, the study aims to inform evidence-based policies and programs to accelerate the elimination of FGM and protect the rights and well-being of Somali girls and women.